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Patidar reservation agitation
Starting of July 2015, the people of India's Patidar community, seeking Other Backward Class (OBC) status, held public demonstrations across the Indian state of Gujarat. The largest demonstration was held in Ahmedabad on 25 August and was attended by thousands. Later, there were incidents of violence and arson across the state resulting in curfew in several cities and towns. The properties and vehicles worth crores of Rupees were damaged and destroyed. The state returned to normalcy by 28 August.〔 The agitation renewed in September despite the talks with the government〔 and again turned violent on 19 September. The government announced a scheme which offered scholarships and subsidies to general category students on 24 September.
== Background ==
In India, the Other Backward Castes (OBC) status invokes affirmative action which provides reserved quotas in education and government jobs. In Gujarat, 27% of seats are reserved for OBC, 7.5% for Scheduled Castes and 15% for Scheduled Tribes for a total of 49.5% of all seats. The Supreme Court has capped the maximum reservation at 50% in their 1992 judgement.
In 1981, the Government of Gujarat, headed by Indian National Congress (INC) chief minister Madhavsinh Solanki, introduced the reservation for socially and economically backward castes (SEBC) based on recommendations of the Bakshi Commission. It resulted in anti-reservation agitation across the state which spilled over in riots resulting in more than one hundred deaths. Solanki resigned in 1985 but later returned to power winning 149 out of 182 assembly seats. He was supported by Kshatriya, Harijan, Adivasi and Muslims, collectively called KHAM. This caused other communities including Patidars to lose the political influence which later alienated the INC. According to estimation based on the last caste census in 1931, Patidars account for 15% of the population of the state. The SEBC (later the OBC) list initially contained 81 communities which expanded to 146 communities by 2014.〔 The reserved seats were 10% in 1980s which was subsequently increased to 27% by 2014.
The agitation took inspiration from the agitation by the Gujjar community in Rajasthan which ended in May 2015.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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